Carbon Footprint

– Emerging ISO Standard

E. Devendar

Scientist F & Head,

Chemical Department

Bureau of Indian Standards

Important terms

Greenhouse gas

gaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both

natural and anthropogenic, that absorbs and

emits radiation at specific wavelengths within

the spectrum of infrared radiation emitted by

the earth's surface, the atmosphere, and clouds

Important terms (cont)

Carbon Footprint

sum of greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse gas removals, expressed as net global warming impact in CO2e

The CO2e of a specific amount of a greenhouse gas is calculated using the mass of a given greenhouse gas multiplied by its global warming potential

Carbon footprint of a product

carbon footprint of a product system

Climate Change

Natural reasons

Anthropogenic activities

- Industrial activity

How Climate change occurs

List of Greenhouse gases

and their Global Warming Potentials

GHGs and their GWPs

Sl.No.

Greenhouse Gases 100 year GWP

1. Carbon Dioxide 1

2. Methane 25

3. Nitrous Oxide 298

4. Substances controlled under the Montreal Protocol {Chlorofluoro Compounds, etc} (19 compounds)

5 - 14400

5. Hydrofluorocarbons (11 compounds) 124 - 14800

6. Perfluorinated compounds (11 compounds) 7390 - 22800

7. Fluorinated ethers (15 compounds) 59 - 14900

8. Perfluoropolyethers (1 compound) 10,300

9. Hydrocarbons and other compounds (3 compounds)

1 - 13

Global Warming Potential (GWP)

Characterization factor describing the

radiative forcing impact of one mass-

based unit of a given greenhouse gas

relative to an equivalent unit of carbon

dioxide over a given period of time

Impact of Climate Change on Nations

Rise in Sea-levels

Increase of deserts and dry lands

Change in crop pattern

Effect on Eco-system and Bio-diversity

Measures to cope-up with Climate

Change

Measures at International Level

- UNFCCC (CDM, Joint Implementation)

- GHG Accounting –

Green House Gas Protocol

Initiative (WRI and WBCSD)

- Carbon Disclosure Projects

Proactive Measures at National Level

Indian Network of Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) –127 labs on climate change & impacts in different sectors

Expert Group on a low carbon strategy and inclusive growth – to recommend for prioritized actions in Electricity, Transport, Industry, Oil & Gas, Buildings and Forestry

Carbon Tax on Coal to fund Clean Energy

Perform, Achieve and Trade Mechanism for Energy efficiency

Assessment of Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources, Agriculture, Forests and Human Health

Bachat Lamp Yojana as CDM Program

State level actions

National Missions under the PM’s National

Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)

National Mission for Sustainable Habitat

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission

Green India Mission

Sustaining the Himalayas

Enhanced Energy Efficiency

National Water Mission

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture

National Mission for Strategic Knowledge

for Climate Change

Instruments available with Common Man to

reduce Climate Change

Leave a low Carbon Footprint

Opting for Products with less CFP

Opting for Products of Organizations with lower

CFP

ISO’s contribution to Environment

ISO 14001 Environment Management System

Standard

ISO 14064 Parts 1 to 3 Green House gases

Quantification and Reporting

Draft Standards on CFP of Products

Project on CFP of Organizations

ISO Draft Standard on CFP of Products

– An Overview

Principles

- Life cycle perspective

- Relative approach and functional unit

- Iterative approach

- Scientific approach

- Relevance, Completeness

- Accuracy, Transparency

ISO Draft Standard on CFP of Products

– An Overview (Cont.)

Methodology

- Goal & Scope definition

- Inventory analysis

- Impact Assessment

- Interpretation

Reporting

Communication

Deficiencies of ISO/CD 14067

Single environmental issue

Is a Guideline document but is being thrust upon

as a Requirement Standard.

Based on LCA methodology which is having

inherent deficiencies and limitations

Use of databases which do not reflect the true CFP

of the product

Communication of CFP to consumers when

methodology has not matured

Being a Comparative Assertion Standard, would

pose a TBT

Hidden Agenda through Climate Change

Is Climate Change and Environment the only

concern?

- Offsetting of Leakage of Industries

- Discrimination of Products

- Carbon Tax Regime

- Marketing of Clean Technologies

Role of BIS wrt ISO/CD 14067

Educating the Stakeholders

Mobilizing National Opinion

Crystallizing of Indian Viewpoint

Indian Ballot on the 3 versions of the draft ISO

Standard

Lobbying with other countries

Lobbying through PASC, EASC

Efforts of MoC, MEA

Present status of the draft ISO standard

Future perceptions of ISO/CD 14067

ISO Standard would be developed

Labeling of Products with CFP

Carbon Tax Regime

Preference for products with Lower CFPs

CFP in Defense Sector

Defense Sector as Producer

Defense Sector as User/in Combat role

End-of-use stage of Products?

Defense Sector as an Establishment/Consumer

Defense Sector as a Producer

Educating on CFP within organization

Shift to Clean Processes in Defense Production

units, spares, etc

Choice of inputs with low CFP

Design for Low CFP at Use stage

Design for Low CFP at Disposal stage

Defense Sector as an

User/Combat Role

Communication of CFP aspects to Operational

areas

End-of-use stage of Products?

Decommissioning of Equipment

Decommissioning of facilities

Disposal of Spares/Consumables

Defense Sector as an

Establishment/Consumer

Communication of CFP aspects to Suppliers,

Vendors and Subcontractors

Choice of suppliers with Clean Processes

Choice of inputs with low CFP

Environment conducive for lower CFPs

National Strategies to exploit

ISO 14067

Identification and introduction of cleaner

processes

Development of Product Category Rules for

Products

Computation of CFPs

Promote Indian Products with lower CFP

Thanks!