LAPORAN LENGKAP

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA,JOHOR

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATIC

FACULTY OF SCIENCE, ARTS & HERITAGE

FULL REPORT EXPERIMENT PHYSICS

Name: MUHAMAD SHAH RIDZUAN BIN SHAFERY

No Matrix:AA111212

No IC:930928085517

Code Courses:DAS 14103

Experiment Title:E24 – PROJECTILE MOTION 1

Date: 14/08/2011

Instructor: PN. AMIRA SARYATI BT AMERUDDIN

REPORT CONTENT

BIL. CONTENT PAGE

1. Experiment Title 0

2. Theory Part A 1

3. Apparatus 2

4. Procedure 2

5. Data Sheet 3

6. Discussion & Conclusion 4

7. Theory Part B 5

8. Apparatus 6

9. Procedure 6

10. Data Sheet 7

11. Analysis & Answer 8-9


13. Theory Part C 11

14. Apparatus 12

15. Procedure 12

16. Data Sheet 13

17. Analysis & Answer 14


19. Refference 16

PROJECTILE

MOTION 1

TEORY

To predict where a ball will land on the the floor when it is shot off a table at an angle, it is

necessary to first to first determine the initial speed (muzzle velocity) of the ball. This can be

determined by launching the ball horizontally off the table and measuring the vertical and

horizontal distances through which the ball travels. Then the initial velocity can be used to

calculated where the ball is shot at an angle.

INITIAL HORIZONTAL VELOCITY:

For a ball launched horizontally off a table with an initial speed, , the horizontal distance

travelled by the is given by , where is the time ball is in the air. Air friction is

assumed to be negligible.

The vertical distance the ball drop in time is given by

The initial velocity of the ball can be determined by measuring and . The time of flight of

the ball can be found using: and then the initial velocity can be found using

INITIAL VELOCITY AT THE ANANGLE:

To predict the range, , of a ball launched with an initial velocity at an angle, , above the

horizontal, first predict the time of flight using the equation for the vertical motion:

where is the initial height of the ball and is the position of the ball when it hits the floor.

Then use to find the range. If the ball is shot at an angle below the

horizontal, then is negative.

1

APPARATUS

Mini Launcher and steel ball, Plumb bob, Meter stick, Carbon paper, White paper.

PROCEDURE

PART A : Determine the initial Velocity of the Ball

1. Put the ball into the Mini Launcher and cock it to the long range position. Fire one

shot to locate where the ball hits the floor. At this position, tape a piece of white paper

to the floor. Place a piece of carbon paper (carbon-side down) on top of this paper and

tape it down. When the ball hits the floor, it will leave a mark on the white paper.

2. Fire about ten shots.

3. Measure the vertical distance from the bottom of the ball as it leaves the barrel (this

position is marked on the side of the barrel) to the floor. Record this distance in Table

1.1 .

4. Use a plumb bob to find the point on the floor that is directly beneath the release point

on the barrel. Measure the horinzontal distance along the floor from the release point

to the leading edge of the paper. Record in Table 1.1 .

5. Measure from the leading edge of the paper to each of the ten dots and record these

distances in Table 1.1 .

6. Find the average of the ten distance and record the value in Table 1.1 .

7. Using the vertical distance and the average horizontal distance, calculate the time of

flight and the initial velocity of the ball. Record in Table 1.1

8. Calculate the total Average Distance. Record in Table 1.1 .

2

DATA SHEET

PART A : Determine the initial Velocity of the Ball

Table 1.1 Determine the initial Velocity

Vertical distance = 130.0 cm Horizontal distance to paper edge = 288.0 cm

Calculate time of flight = 0.514 Initial velocity = 4.623

TRIAL NUMBER DISTANCE (cm)

1 16.5

2 16.1

3 15.0

4 15.0

5 14.7

6 15.4

7 14.5

8 15.4

9 16.5

10 16.6

Average Distance 15.58

Total Average Distance 253.58

(Total Average Distance = Distance to paper edge + Average Distance)

3

DISCUSSION

Based on the experiment, i agree to the result because the value experiment is near with value

teory.

Errors And Way To Overcome

1. The reading of the angle of degree on the mini luncher is not accurate. To avoid this

problem we must see the angle of degree carefully and parallel with the reading.

2. The reading between horizontal distance to paper edge not accurate. To solve this

problem we must measure to avoid the error.

3. The mini launcher move to the left and right when we shoot andd make the reading of

the distance not accurate. To solve this problem, we must set the mini launcher

straight to the paper before we shoot the ball to make a reading of distance accurate.

CONCLUSION

Based on the experiment conducted, the value experiment for part A is 253.58cm.

4

PROJECTILE

MOTION 1

TEORY



















5

APPARATUS

Mini Launcher and steel ball, Plumb bob, Meter stick, Carbon paper, White paper

PROCEDURE

PART B : Predicting the range of the ball shot at an angle

1. Adjust the Mini Launcher to launch at an angle between 20 and 60 above the horizontal.

Record this angle in Table 1.2.

2. Using the initial velocity and vertical distance found in the first part of this experiment,

calculate the new of flight and the new horizontal range for a projectile launched at the

new angle. Record in Table 1.2.

3. Draw a line across the middle of a white piece of paper and tape the paper on the floor

so line is at the predicted horizontal distance from the Mini Launcher. Cover the paper

with carbon paper.

4. Shoot the ball ten times.

5. Measure the ten distances and take the average. Record in Table 1.2.

6

DATA SHEET

PART B : Predicting the range of the ball shot at an angle

Table 1.2 Confirming the predicted Range

Angle above horizontal = 20 Horizontal distance to paper edge = 394.7cm

Calculate time of flight = 0.91 Predicted range = 3.95

Trial Number Distance from Edge of Paper(cm)

1 4.3

2 4.0

3 4.1

4 3.3

5 5.7

6 3.8

7 6.1

8 4.2

9 6.0

10 3.9



7

ANALYSIS

Part B : Predicting the range of the ball shot at an angle

1. Calculate the Total Average Distance. Record in Table 1.2.

(Total Average Distance = Distance From Edge of Paper + Horizontal Distance to Paper

Edge)

2. Calculate and record the percentage difference between the predicted value and the

resulting average distance when shot at an angle.

3. Estimate the precision of the predicted range. How many of the final 10 shots landed

within this range?

ANALYSIS ANSWER

Part B : Predicted the range of the ball shot at an angle

1. Total Average Distance record in the table 1.2.

= 4.54cm

=4.54cm + 394.7cm

=399.24cm

2. Calculate and record the percentage different between the predicted value and the


=

=

= 19.5%

8


within this range.

0 = 110 + (839.7 ) (9.81)( )

= 110 + 286 4.9

= 4.9 + 286 +110

= 0.0170

= (4.623 (0.0170)

= 0.074

Predicted Range is 0.074

9

DISCUSSION

Based on the experiment , i agree to the result because the percentage error is near to the

collision theory value.









CONCLUSION

1. Based on the experiment conducted, the value experiment for part B is 4.77cm

2. Percentage different in the magnitude of the magnitude of the obtained relative standart

value for part B is 19.5%.

10

PROJECTILE

MOTION 1

TEORY



















11

APPARATUS

Mini Launcher and steel ball, Plumb bob, Meter stick, Carbon paper, White paper.

PROCEDURE

PART C : Predicting the range of the ball shot at an Negative Angle

6. Adjust the Mini Launcher to launch at an angle between 10 and 40 above the horizontal.

Record this angle in Table 1.3.

7. Using the initial velocity and vertical distance found in the first part of this experiment,

calculate the new of flight and the new horizontal range for a projectile launched at the

new angle. Record in Table 1.3.

8. Draw a line across the middle of a white piece of paper and tape the paper on the floor

so line is at the predicted horizontal distance from the Mini Launcher. Cover the paper

with carbon paper.

9. Shoot the ball ten times.

10. Measure the ten distances and take the average. Record in Table 1.3.

ANALYSIS


4. Calculate the Total Average Distance. Record in Table 1.3.

(Total Average Distance = Distance From Edge of Paper + Horizontal Distance to Paper

Edge)

5. Calculate and record the percentage difference between the predicted value and the



within this range?

12

DATA SHEET


TABLE 1.3 Confirming the Predicted Range

Angle above horizontal = Horizontal distance to paper edge = 125.5cm

Calculate time of flight = 0.029 Predicted range = 0.125

Trial Number Distance from Edge of Paper(cm)

1 21.9

2 21.6

3 18.1

4 22.7

5 23.4

6 21.1

7 21.5

8 22.9

9 23.8

10 18.6



13

ANALYSIS ANSWER


1. Total Average Distance record in the table 1.3.

=

= 21.6cm

= 21.6 + 125.5

= 147.1cm

2. Calculate and record the percentage different between the predicted value and the


=

=

= 7.7%


within this range.

0 = 69 + (339.2 ) (9.81)

= 56.5 + 116 4.9

= 0.5

= 339.2 )( )

=

Predicted Range is 159.4

14

DISCUSSION

Based on the experiment , i agree to the result because the percentage error is near to the

collision theory value.









CONCLUSION

3. Based on the experiment conducted, the value experiment for part C is 147.1cm

4. Percentage different in the magnitude of the magnitude of the obtained relative standart

value for part C is 7.7%.

15

REFERENCE

1. Physic laboratory experiment book, Department of Science & Mathematic, Faculty of

Science & Cultural UTHM.

2. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/projectile-motion

3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile_motion

16

http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/projectile-motion

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